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- In this chapter two different notions, on how each empire saw the world converge and yet differ in one equally important aspect for both cultures: religion. The spiritual conquest was an even more complicated task than the military conquest, where the role of the friars and humanists was pivotal in this transformative process. The permanence and merge of beliefs became the religious basis for the modern Mexicans.
- In the second half of the nineteenth century, Mexico found itself confronted with two models of government: monarchy or republic. In Europe, the great powers were competing for expansion of their colonial power and social revolutions were multiplying, sparking movements of liberalism, nationalism and democracy. For its part, the United States was debating questions of liberty and slavery. At the end of 1861, the French Empire undertakes a military intervention in Mexico to impose a monarchical government headed by the archduke Fernando Maximiliano de Habsburgo. In the space of six years the monarchy was not able to consolidate itself, the international situation turned against France and Napoleon III decided to end his adventure in Mexico, leaving Maximilian abandoned to his own fate.
- Through a wide variety of first-hand testimonies, Mexican women express their aspirations, experiences and dilemmas. On the one hand, they venture into new careers, professions and projects while on the other, they face the pressures of the past. The inversion of traditional roles, and the responsibilities that this demands, have modified many social structures. Today it can be said that the liberation of women also implies the liberation of men.
- This film deals with the life and the movies of a ''princess'' who became a Hollywood star and later returned to her home country for a second and illustrious film career. Her discreet but intense personal life (including her love affairs with Orson Welles and Emilio ''the Indian'' Fernández), her ever-growing and varied talent as an actress and her presence in the cultural and political life of Mexico are some of the themes covered in this complex portrayal.
- Montezuma gives in without a fight, the Empire falls apart. But the Mexicas rebel and push out their invaders - until the plague that the Spanish brought, smallpox, begins to decimate the indigenous population. And even today, 500 years later, they suffer misery, malnutrition and illiteracy. Yet they continue trying to be respected along with their culture.
- The Metro is a vital piece of infrastructure for Mexico City: it transports more then 4.5 million passengers on a daily basis. This program offers a look at the Metro as a system and as a microcosm, in which social relations and technology are enmeshed. It provides a trip through the system's history, up until the end of the 1960's, in order enter into contact with the human universe that populates it and organizes it twenty-four hours a day.
- This film presents the life and are of one of the greatest directors of Mexican cinema, an important figure in world cinema, and a colossal myth maker and excellent actor in Mexico and the United States. Tireless lover and violent enemy, ''the Indian'' Fernández is an obligatory reference toward understanding the creative power of Mexican cinema.
- I am proud of being from the north is something that seems to be said by the rustic mountains that surround one of the most notable cities of Mexico: Monterrey. Domesticating its savage and free lands, which are extreme to the point of being capricious, the people of the region made adversity their ally. Today this northern capital is at the front of national industry, projecting itself beyond our borders in order to show the world the reality and the potential of Mexican businesses. What are these businesses, who leads them, how did they conquer challenges and face the future? The feat of Monterrey is the story of women and men who wagered tenacity and hard work in order to etch out, day by day, a present full of promises for the future.
- In 1994, Popocatepetl, the legendary volcano, erupts and showers the ground with its ashes. All eyes are concentrated on the great colossus, from scientists to rural workers, communications workers to politicians, traditional weather men to visual artists. This documentary reminds us of the mythical time 'when the hills were standing up'.
- This is the story of the life and the movies of María Félix, ''the most beautiful woman in the world'', who became the public's favorite female movie star in Mexico and Latin America. Although she enjoyed considerable acceptance in Europe, she disdained Hollywood films and would not make them. The documentary presents her adventurous and combative life through photographs, filmed material and extracts from her movies which are used to illustrate the most important moments of her real life.
- Cinco de Mayo: Mexican Glory, a documentary that brings us to the memorable events of that day in 1862, when the Mexican Army, led by Ignacio Zaragoza, defeated on the outskirts of the city of Puebla, the French army, under the command of General Lorencez, considered then the most powerful army in the world. The Battle of Cinco de Mayo marks the beginning of Mexico's prolonged resistance to the invaders, who were ultimately defeated five years later. In the context of an impoverished country, morally weak and immerse in political discord, the triumph of Puebla meant something even more important: the restoration of dignity and the birth of a true national identity. Interviews with recognized experts, conducted in Mexico, the United States and France, together with a remarkable iconography from Mexican and French collections -including unpublished images-, Cinco de Mayo: Mexican Glory, enlightens the importance of the battle, its impact in history, and the significance that its commemoration has acquired for the Mexican-American community.
- The story of the Constitution and the Carranza years, with their great difficulties (hunger, butchery and a large part of the country in war), until the last successful uprising of Mexican history: the victory of the men of Sonora led by Álvaro Obregón. A final section evaluates some of the Revolutions results and effects and the destinies of its principal leaders.
- The second program about the history of Mexican cinema presents the end of the ''Golden Age''. It narrates how the industry collapsed when faced with a reduction in funding and the arrival of television. It also shows the way in which the government affected the industry during the populist-tendencied regime of the 1970's. In the current moment new Mexican cinema is burgeoning and modestly growing in order to newly assume a relevant space within society.
- Eulalio González Ramírez, better known as ''El Piporro'' (''the pipe player''), expressed an entire cultural universe of northern Mexico through his films. ''El Piporro'' reached the level of an authentic northern legend, becoming an intimate figure in popular Mexican mind.
- The Soler brothers created a new style of acting and played roles in hundreds of films. The most famous members of the family (Fernando, Domingo, Andrés) specialized in roles that portrayed authority figures, yet they also acted in comedies and other genres. This documentary looks at the family through the lens of their best and most typical roles.
- During the 1930's the Mexican film industry was consolidated as a productive industry. Nevertheless, from that first moment there were actors and producers of the motion picture industry who worked on the margins of the studios and production companies. Films that have been made and continue to be made by these directors who work outside of the main channels of production have shown, over the course of seven decades, the aesthetic tendencies or political concerns of their authors who opted to makes films which are different and independent: the other cinema.
- Through an original narrative, this documentary presents the biography of Antonio López de Santa Anna, a key figure in Mexican political life during the first half of the nineteenth century. Santa Anna led the battle that brought the loss of half of the nation's territory to the United States. His military valor and his charisma did not manage to eclipse the profound damage that he and followers did to the nation.
- Miguel de la Madrid suffered the tragedy of his father's murder during his early childhood. He would grow up in an urban, middle-class setting as an excellent student. He was the first of any Mexican president to enroll in a graduate studies program in the United States. He grew to admire liberal thought of the nineteenth century. This biography develops this character while providing a background of some of the important social changes that Mexico lived between the 1940's and 1970's.
- This program presents an approach to understanding corn from different perspectives, from its botanical peculiarities to the importance of its production and commercialization in the context of being the leading alimentary product in contemporary Mexico. In the program we see the double nature of corn for the ancient Mexicas, for whom it was both a sacred and dietetic product, and we ponder its confrontation with the European cereal par excellence: wheat. With the help of experts and specialists from multiple fields, we see a vision of the nutritional value of corn and we approach the disturbing situation of the Mexican countryside in the current day. This is a profound analysis of corn, a complex product that is particularly ours, and it leads us to consider its significance to us as individuals, as a nation, as a continent and as a planet.
- This program is the first of two parts that deal with the history of Mexican cinema. ''The Great Decades'' is the saga of a film industry born at the turn of the twentieth century into a culture marked by a long and impressive history of visual talent. How a rich culture of silent film was created and how Mexican film became the fifth largest producer in the world during its golden age of the 1940's and the first few years of the 1950's remain the central concerns. The effect of private and public support from the US is considered, but above all, the success of the industry is considered in relation to the talent of the industry's directors, actors and technical specialists.
- This documentary is dedicated to the traditional weathermen who, according to the anthropologist Julio Glockner, are specialists in the magical management of the weather. They are people who instruct starting from a ''sign from heaven'' Such characters are not the volcano's guards: they are missionaries who ''complete the destiny'' of communicating with ''Gregorio Chino Popocatepetl'' through dreams and completing the rituals that will bring about prosperous times on earth.
- In the course of a few months, under the able political leadership of Agustin de Iturbide, on September 27th, 1821, three hundred years of colonial tutelage concluded and the festivities overflowed the streets of Mexico City with happiness.
- A director of more than 47 movies, Roberto Gavaldón was a severe man who dedicated 30 years of his life to create work in which his great ability for balancing commercial interests of the film industry with his restlessness for creating quality films can be observed. This can be seen in ''Pito Pérez'', ''Los hijos que yo soñé (The Sons Whom I Dreamed)'', ''Días de otoño (Days of Autumn)'', ''Miércoles de ceniza (Ash Wednesday)'', ''Aquí está Heraclio Bernal'' and ''Historia de un amor (Love Story)''.
- Since the birth of cinema over a century ago, in Mexico there were attempts to prevent the loss or destruction of film materials, anticipating its invaluable testimony. By the mid-20th Century, after several failed attempts, the government assumed the protection of the nation's film heritage, so in 1974 the National Film Archives was created, whose fruitful but short life ended with a dramatic fire at their facilities located at Churubusco, where much of our country's film heritage was lost. It was soon replaced with a new building at Xoco, but over time, its technological backwardness and lack of adequate space for attendants, led the Mexican government into an ambitious project: to build the Mexican Cinematheque of 21st Century, the world's largest of its kind, and one of the most advanced systems for restoration, protection and projection of our film heritage.
- Located in the geographical center of the country, the city of Zacatecas is famous for its beautiful pink stone buildings, and for have witnessed the bloodiest battle of the Mexican Revolution. It was here where a hundred years ago, 22,000 men of the Northern Division under General Francisco Villa annihilated the Federal Army, freeing the way of the Constitutionalist Army to the nation's capital. For the history of Mexico, the Battle of Zacatecas was a definite step in the restoration of law and order lost in the Decena Trágica (Ten Tragic Days). For Zacatecas' conservative society, however, marked the trade of their values for new ones, which entered certainly in a violent manner into the modern history of the Nation.
- The Lotería Nacional has been around for more than two centuries. This program takes a look at it founders and its history from the colonial period forward. It considers the people tied to the lottery: ticket sellers and young announcers on the street. It deals with the different drawings that can make us millionaires. Winning the lottery is not only part of the imagination: it is perfectly possible. One only has to play: buy a ticket, and in doing so, you also contribute to a program that benefits the public.
- This program presents a view of some of the most important ''macho'' heroes from Mexico's classic national cinema, who are observed as thematic variations of the ''Mexican macho'' image in relation to the stereotype's history and different styles and modifications over the years.
- One of the most important players of the Mexican Revolution, Emiliano Zapata - leader of "a people who made revolution in order avoid change", in order to preserve their land and their customs - is also a legendary figure whose influence in social struggles in Mexico endures to our present day.
- Is the story of the quiet drama that unfolds in a typical Mexican town; one that is indigenous, bilingual, and has the stoicism to survive the gradual disintegration of families caused by men migrating to the United States. Life stories showed tell us about the collateral damage caused by poorly conducted government programs and chronic unemployment. Although speakers aren't economic experts, those interviewed irrefutably present the terrible consequences that the North American Free Trade Agreement has had on their lives.
- Neither the Bourbon Reforms during colonial times nor the nation's declaration of independence in 1821 made Sonorans feel as if they were Mexican. The state was drawn into the rest of the nation by the railroad and growing demographic shifts during the years of Porfirio Díaz's reign, but the Revolution of 1910 would ultimately be the event that definitively integrated Sonora and its inhabitants into the Mexican nation. Sonora would provide the country with political and military leadership, headed by leaders such as Álvaro Obregón and Plutarco Elías Calles. They would lead Mexicans from devastation to armed struggle, as well as through the nation's first years of economic, moral and political reconstruction.
- The third of the big three leading men was born in a needy neighborhood of Mexico City, and his rise to stardom was a quick journey from poverty to wealth. His origins, in comparison to those of Negrete and Infante, made him better equipped to represent the poor Mexican man, with his problems and his temptations. With Solís, singing heroes of the Mexican cinema laid down roots in a city that was less idealized and more real.
- This program offers an approach to the generation that, during the decades of the 1950's and 1970's, forced a change in the direction of Mexican art and became known as 'the generation of rupture'. Narrated by the characters who lived it, in this program we see and hear from José Luis Cuevas, Vicente Rojo, Juan Soriano, Lilia Carrillo, Manuel Felguérez and Fernando García Ponce.
- Pedro Armendáriz was the main creator of three characters which were representative of Mexican culture: the ranch or hacienda owner, the indigenous person and the revolutionary. He became the best know Mexican actor in Hollywood, while in Mexico he contributed to the formation of an image that represented an entire era. He lived forcefully and with this same resolved attitude chose his death.
- The night of October 7, 1913, Senator Belisario Domínguez was abducted by the police officers in his room at the Hotel Jardín in downtown, Mexico City. Possessing a relentless and unwavering moral, avid critic of usurper President Victoriano Huerta, the disappearance of the Chiapas' senator outraged Mexicans and encouraged them to fight the regime of terror imposed from the presidency, even before his murder was confirmed a year later. Behind the public figure of Chiapas' senator and his brave speeches against the Huerta regime exists, however, a most endearing story, the one of a doctor with medical studies in Paris, seated humbly in his native Comitán, whose social and moral work still represents the best legacy to his countrymen.
- Even if this affirmation may seem strange to us today, neither the Mexican cowboys, or charros, nor mariachis and tequila had necessarily to become the signs that represented Mexico within and outside of its national borders. Why is the mariachi Mexican and not, for example, the rich tradition of fandango from Huasteca or Vera Cruz? Why tequila and not mezcal from Oaxaca or pulque from the highlands? Why the Creole cowboy and not the northern cow herder or the tzeltal from Chiapas, or even the part-indigenous man from the Yucatan? Charro, mariachi and tequila: local products catapulted to the position of national representatives. They are no doubt richer in their origin than their mediated branding has afforded them. In this program we will witness the motives behind why history and the country's turbulent circumstances decided, at one time, that Jalisco was Mexico.
- This program is a journey through the life and work of one of the most prolific and representative composers of Mexican popular music. It starts at the beginning, with his breaking into radio and record companies, and proceeds to his overwhelming success as a singer of passions on fire and of heartaches. At a moment almost forty years from his death, his children tell us their anecdotes and remember the most peculiar characteristics of his personality.
- For decades, outdoor, tented theaters and popular stages which recreated variety shows, comedies and burlesque were a way to satirize society and the government 'under the nose' of censors. They also were an intimate form of popular entertainment. Many of its stars (such as Cantinflas and Pardavé) would go on to star on television and in the movies. This is a nostalgic and deep look at the world of popular theater.
- Thanks to a young group of liberals whose struggle wielded the force of both weapons and ideas, Campeche was able to proclaim its independence from Yucatán in 1857. Since that time, Campeche has completed a long journey marked by different political, social, and cultural events, all of which make this a state rich in traditions and history. But Campeche's wealth doesn't end there: its natural resources include precious woods, marine fauna and especially oil, accounting for nearly 80% of Mexican reserves. Because of all this, today Campeche is a strategic, vital location for the future economic development of our country.
- The history of the newspaper El Universal is the very history of contemporary Mexico. It was founded in 1916 with the aspiration of being a modern newspaper, in terms of its information services as well as through its high-volume production and distribution. The paper's alliance with President Carranza's regime assigned it another greater task early on: guiding the agitated and violent political life in Mexico through public debate that might lead people to exchange their arms for ideas. Since then and until today, The Great Mexican Newspaper has encountered crises of all types world-wide ones, national ones and even internal upset. El Universal has known how to maintain the power of that essential vocation of its origins: making journalism an alliance of objective information, editorial plurality and technological renovation.
- Since 2001 the 'Secretariat of Tourism launched the "Pueblos Mágicos Program" (Magical Villages Program) with the intention of promoting tourism within Mexico. This program acknowledges certain towns that have a unique cultural richness. This documentary is a journey through the charm of twelve Mexican Pueblos Mágicos and it gives us an insight if the vast diversity of experiences the country has to offer to those that decide to discover it. Hand in hand with the people that give life to these towns, the magic of its architecture, gastronomy, culture, traditions and natural beauty are unveiled.
- The comparison between Mexico and countries such as Canada, Brazil, Norway or Venezuela reveals the inefficiencies and juridical and administrative limitations of oil production in our country. Currently Mexico is the only nation in the world that does not allow for investment in or strategic alliance with the state company, PEMEX, and national and international private companies.
- Veracruz is the sum of all parts diverse. In its geography we find mountains, lakes, swamps, rivers, beaches. Likewise, in its men and women there is a similar variety of qualities. In Veracruz the seeds of many races and cultures blended to make its own specific culture, a culture in which diversity exists. Veracruz is synonymous with tolerance, celebration, poetry, passion. In this program we try to discover just what makes up the soul of Veracruz - the "Jarocha" soul.
- More than four hundred years ago, a new conquest of Mexico, very different from the one undertaken by Cortés in Tenochtitlán, took place in the north of New Spain. While looking for mines and cities of gold, the greedy adventurers found arid lands, a horrendous climate and a ferocious enemy that would have preferred death to submission: the Chichimeca Indians. This documentary shows how the profile of the northerner of today owes his essential characteristics to this history: self-affirmation, valor, leadership, a sense of risk and love for individual freedom are all part of what have come to be called the 'demeanor of distance'.
- More than two thousand years ago, Christ cast a revolutionary message: ''Render unto Caesar what is Caesars and to God what is God's''. That division between the world of the political universe and the religious universe has provoked a permanent conflict in the Western world. That conflict and the provocation produced by the Calles regime, launched a group of Catholics against the government: The War of the Cristeros or the Cristiada.
- From the colonial hispanism, to the most adverse expressions of the indigenismo (value of the indigenous identity) in the 19th and 20th centuries, the Conquest of Mexico and its protagonists have been valuated differently through time. In this final chapter of the series, we make a journey through these expressions, appreciating the legacy left through the centuries and the symbolism's that were written in the history of Mexico, from the 16th century to the present.
- More than two centuries ago, the building known as La Ciudadela was built to house the Royal Tobacco Factory in New Spain. Then it was conditioned as barracks to face the insurgents during the Mexican War of Independence. La Ciudadela retained its military use for over a century, until 1946, when José Vasconcelos founded the Library of Mexico. Today, in that emblematic space, the City of Books stands as a far-reaching cultural project, which includes the architectural remodeling of the old Ciudadela, the creation of new artistic and cultural spaces, and the opening of the personal libraries of five remarkable Mexican writers and humanists of the 20th century: Antonio Castro Leal, Jaime Garcia Terrés, Alí Chumacero, José Luis Martínez and Carlos Monsiváis. At the same time, the actualization of these collections, which will become part of the so-called "Cerebro de la palabra" (The Word's Brain), -the largest digital archive of our country's bibliographic record. Available to all public the Ciudadela "city of book" offers the opportunity to study and known the work of five great contemporary Mexican cultural personalities, each one different of the other but at the same time complementary of each other.
- Electric energy was one of the pillars of progress within the context of peace sustained during the Porfirio Díaz era. The electric industry was first backed by national private enterprise, but over the years, foreign investment made it flourish. Following the 1910 Revolution, the Federal Government launched a plan to achieve nationalization. Thus, the Federal Commission of Electricity (CFE in Spanish) was born. 74 years after it was founded, it is still the only company in charge of providing Mexicans with electric energy and with creating infrastructure for its generation and transmission, as well as the modernization of the industry and the exploration of environmentally friendly energy sources.
- This program presents the history of art in Jalisco narrated by its artists: Through the literary texts of Mariano Azuela and Agustín Yáñez and the murals of José Clemente Orozco. The writers Juan Rulfo and Juan José Arreola speak of how Jalisco's rural society was transformed and gave way to a modern, urban expansion. Architects like Luis Barragán and painters like Guillermo Chávez Vega arise at this time. Music by Blás Galindo, José Pablo Moncayo and Consuelo Velázquez reflect modern and contemporary Mexico. New aesthetic tendencies arise with works of painters like Juan Soriano and Raúl Anguiano as well as the work by the architect González Gortázar. Jalisco's art crosses the border into the twenty-first century.
- A hundred years ago the Constitutionalist Army -the origin of current Mexican Army-, played a decisive role in returning the country loss legality at the hands of the usurper President Victoriano Huerta. In a difficult process, those revolutionary militias acquired the values of professionalism and institutional loyalty that have distinguished it during its long history. Today, the Mexican Army is similar to it predecessor, but is also different; it maintains its popular roots and its desire to contribute to a freer and more fair country, but is distinct for its educational solidity and its attachment to democratic values that distinguish Mexico in the 21st century.
- Mexican art of the 1980's showed a new profile of Mexican society, adapting itself to the economic crisis which occurred in Mexico as well as to the economic changes worldwide. A growing art market brought conservative tendencies to Mexican art, however this aesthetic visual conservatism sketches out what would be the general trend of an art that would insert itself in the avant garde of the global art scene.