The character of the "real Adam Goldberg" is a reference to the spat between Adam F. Goldberg and actor Adam Goldberg on Twitter in 2015. The phrase "marketplace confusion" is a specific reference to the actor's complaints about people thinking the show is about him.
When Adam and Barry go see their uncle Marvin, he asks if it's Thanksgiving. This is because the character had only previously appeared in episodes taking place during Thanksgiving.
The song played near the ending of the episode is 1986s, "Glory of Love", by Peter Cetera. This references The Karate Kid Part II (1986).
Martin Kove: The actor who played the evil karate teacher in The Karate Kid (1984) plays the nice karate teacher at the end of the episode.